5 Reasons Why Your Business Needs Graphene Engine Oil Additive？

Rarely in history are investors given the opportunity to participate in the development of an emerging revolutionary technology from the ground floor. 

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That industry is graphene. And, thanks to advancements in nanotechnology, chemistry, and manufacturing processes, graphene is poised to become an invaluable raw material in the manufacture and functionality of an almost limitless array of products in almost every industry.

Graphene, a commercially viable “super-material,” is stronger than steel, harder than diamond, more conductive than copper, and has better electron mobility than silicon. Its markets and applications are nearly limitless — it is added to other materials to improve strength, water resistance, flexibility, and electrical conductivity, and it promotes clean energy by improving battery, solar panel, and supercapacitor technology.

Lubricants, coatings and resins are three important markets using graphene.

According to Grandview Research, the global coatings market, which is expected to be worth US$83 billion in , will grow at a 3.5% CAGR through . Due to the rising demand for higher-performance lubricants, the US$130.03 billion lubricants industry in will grow at a 3.7% CAGR through . 

Meanwhile, the thermoplastic resin market is expected to grow at a 7.7% CAGR to US$40.06 billion by , owing to their higher heat tolerance, greater fatigue resistance, and being 30%-40% lighter than aluminum. Meanwhile, Vantage Market Research predicts that the global graphene market will be worth $2.5 billion by .

Graphene is one of the most notable nanomaterials that is widely being tested as a lubricant additive.  Historically, graphite, graphene’s parent material, has been widely used in this application.  Graphene  is a single material that can be added at fractions of a percent to provide several key advantages that can be valued by the full user spectrum. 

For lubricating oil applications in general, graphene can deliver the following improvements: reduced friction; decreased mechanical & thermal wear; corrosion prevention; improved lubricant stability and performance under elevated temperature, shear, and pressure conditions; life extension of the lubricant and the engine components; improved fuel efficiency; boosted engine performance, and reduction in oil change and maintenance frequency.

Because of these properties, graphene has a distinct advantage for use as a lubricant additive. Furthermore, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are entirely made of carbon and do not contain any toxic elements like phosphorus or sulfur. As a result, they may be considered environmentally friendly.

However, a lack of commercial-scale volumes of consistently high-quality graphene has hampered full market acceptance and widespread use, but new innovations in the production of graphene are ready to address these issues

Thanks to the production innovations developed by HydroGraph Clean Power (CSE:HG) (OTC:HGCPF) and their proprietary Hyperion Detonation System, graphene can now be mass produced consistently and economically enough to be widely adopted.

Disrupting the Graphene Industry

HydroGraph is one of the world’s purest graphene producers and is currently positioned to be a global leader in commercializing graphene on a large scale.

HydroGraph’s technology uniquely positions the company for multiple high-growth, multi-billion-dollar markets in graphene, hydrogen, and other strategic materials production.

The Hyperion system is a scalable, modular, customizable, and cost-effective reactor unit. As a result, it generates nearly 100% pure carbon-content graphene with minimal energy consumption, no solvents, and zero carbon emissions. 

What’s more, graphene from HydroGraph can be easily integrated into an infinite number of products, such as lubricants, energy storage anodes, lithium batteries, solar cells, supercapacitors, and functional coatings. 

The initial target markets for HydroGraph are resins, lubricants, and coatings, which can be used to improve product durability, strength, and performance significantly. HydroGraph‘s graphene, in particular, has shown excellent performance in lubricant applications, including friction factor reduction by up to 55% and decreased mechanical wear by up to 70%.

Hydrograph has new products coming out in based on work that began in . Those include a second fractal graphene product aimed at the lubrication market that will reduce the coefficient of friction by more than 40% and two new reactive graphene products that are being developed for the resin and composites markets: an epoxy dispersion and a polyepoxide dispersion.

HydroGraph was recently approved for trading on the OTCQB Venture Market with DTC certification under the symbol “HGCPF,” providing “further proof of [the company’s] substantial momentum as we look into .”

For a full report on HydroGraph Clean Power (CSE:HG) (OTC:HGCPF) click here, and to download the investor deck please visit this link.

SOURCE HydroGraph Clean Power (CSE:HG) (OTC:HGCPF)

Featured Image @ Pixabay

Disclaimer

1) The author of the Article, or members of the author’s immediate household or family, do not own any securities of the companies set forth in this Article. The author determined which companies would be included in this article based on research and understanding of the sector.

2) The Article was issued on behalf of and sponsored by, HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. Market Jar Media Inc. has or expects to receive from HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s Digital Marketing Agency of Record (Direct To Investor Media) one thousand one hundred USD for this article. 

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6) This document contains forward-looking information and forward-looking statements, within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation, (collectively, “forward-looking statements”), which reflect management’s expectations regarding HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s future growth, future business plans and opportunities, expected activities, and other statements about future events, results or performance. Wherever possible, words such as “predicts”, “projects”, “targets”, “plans”, “expects”, “does not expect”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “forecasts”, “anticipate” or “does not anticipate”, “believe”, “intend” and similar expressions or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken, occur or be achieved, or the negative or grammatical variation thereof or other variations thereof, or comparable terminology have been used to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements relating to: (a) revenue generating potential with respect to HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s industry; (b) market opportunity; (c) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s business plans and strategies; (d) services that HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. intends to offer; (e) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.s milestone projections and targets; (f) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s expectations regarding receipt of approval for regulatory applications; (g) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s intentions to expand into other jurisdictions including the timeline expectations relating to those expansion plans; and (h) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s expectations with regarding its ability to deliver shareholder value. Forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and are based upon a number of estimates and assumptions of management in light of management’s experience and perception of trends, current conditions and expected developments, as well as other factors that management believes to be relevant and reasonable in the circumstances, as of the date of this document including, without limitation, assumptions about: (a) the ability to raise any necessary additional capital on reasonable terms to execute HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s business plan; (b) that general business and economic conditions will not change in a material adverse manner; (c) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s ability to procure equipment and operating supplies in sufficient quantities and on a timely basis; (d) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s ability to enter into contractual arrangements with additional Pharmacies; (e) the accuracy of budgeted costs and expenditures; (f) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s ability to attract and retain skilled personnel; (g) political and regulatory stability; (h) the receipt of governmental, regulatory and third-party approvals, licenses and permits on favorable terms; (i) changes in applicable legislation; (j) stability in financial and capital markets; and (k) expectations regarding the level of disruption to as a result of CV-19. Such forward-looking information involves a variety of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual plans, intentions, activities, results, performance or achievements of HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. to be materially different from any future plans, intentions, activities, results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks include, without limitation: (a) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s operations could be adversely affected by possible future government legislation, policies and controls or by changes in applicable laws and regulations; (b) public health crises such as CV-19 may adversely impact HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s business; (c) the volatility of global capital markets; (d) political instability and changes to the regulations governing HydroGraph Clean Power Inc.’s business operations (e) HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. may be unable to implement its growth strategy; and (f) increased competition.

Except as required by law, HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future event or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Neither does HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. nor any of its representatives make any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy, sufficiency or completeness of the information in this document. Neither HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. nor any of its representatives shall have any liability whatsoever, under contract, tort, trust or otherwise, to you or any person resulting from the use of the information in this document by you or any of your representatives or for omissions from the information in this document.

7) Any graphs, tables or other information demonstrating the historical performance or current or historical attributes of HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. or any other entity contained in this document are intended only to illustrate historical performance or current or historical attributes of HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. or such entities and are not necessarily indicative of future performance of HydroGraph Clean Power Inc. or such entities.

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By: Dr. Akanksha Urade (Graphene & 2D Materials Science Writer)

Graphene is increasingly being used as an additive to transform a growing number of products in practically every industry.
In this article, I will explore the use of graphene as a lubricant.

Why Graphene?

Graphene flakes have practically endless applications. It is added to other materials to improve strength, water resistance, flexibility and electrical conductivity. A tiny amount – typically, between 0.01%-0.5% – can produce dramatic improvements.

Graphene can be an inexpensive replacement for many incumbent materials.
The problem has been finding a reliable source for industrial volumes of the right quality graphene for specific applications.

Global Lubricant Market

Grandview Research predicts that the $130 billion lubricants business in will expand at a CAGR of 3.7% through , led by increasing global demand for higher-performance lubricants. Graphite is the primary incumbent material for lubricants. But graphite has a number of drawbacks – including that it only works in humid environments. Another disadvantage of graphite is the tendency of lamallae to rupture under severe mechanical loads, resulting in a limited lifetime and a higher coefficient of friction.

There are other problems with lubricants, including the use of ecologically hazardous additives or solid lubricants (such as molybdenum disulfide or boric acid). Both oil-based and solid lubricants do not bond well to the surfaces it lubricates and must be reapplied on a regular basis. Even under the best conditions, most lubricant oils eventually degrade over time due to oxidation.

Different forms of graphene have been extensively tested as a lubricant additive. Graphene’s use as a lubricant is attributed to a number of different physical-chemical properties. For example, graphene’s exceptional mechanical strength prevents material wear. Second, graphene has been demonstrated to be impermeable to liquids and gases like water and oxygen, slowing down the oxidative and corrosive processes that normally cause damage to rubbing surfaces. Furthermore, because graphene is an atomically smooth 2D material with low surface energy, it can replace the thin solid films that are typically used to reduce the adhesion and friction of various surfaces.

Graphene as an Additive in Oils

Graphene can also be utilized as an additive in lubricants to increase fuel economy and engine stability. Companies such as Graphenoil, Graphene-XT, HydroGraph, Versarien, NTherma and others have added different forms and quality of graphene to lubricating oil to enhance performance and stability, resulting in less wear and tear.

“The addition of graphene improves the oil’s tribological properties, making it more suitable for high-pressure, high-stress environments”, notes Simone Ligi, the Chief Executive Officer of Graphene-XT. “But the benefits of graphene do not stop there. Graphene has good heat transfer properties, essential to make lubricants safer at higher temperatures. All of these effects combined reduce engine noise and fuel consumption”.

Graphene as a Solid-State Lubricant

People commonly associate lubricants with the fluids found in automobiles and industrial machines. While fluids make up the vast majority of modern lubricants, a subset of lubricants known as solid-state lubricants also exists. Argonne National Lab has been researching solid lubricants based on graphene as a cheaper, more efficient and longer-lasting alternative to oil.

Image Courtesy: Berman, Diana, et al. Science ().

The use of graphene and carbon nanodiamonds as a solid-state lubricant to better preserve ball bearings is a field of study that has progressed rapidly in recent years, from an intriguing idea to a nearly practical reality. When graphene flakes and nanodiamond particles brush against a large diamond-like carbon (DLC) surface, the graphene encapsulates the nanodiamond by wrapping itself around it. As nanodiamonds are spherical in shape, the graphene-nanodiamond combination may travel freely between the two surfaces while providing lubrication. In addition to their lubricating and corrosion-preventative properties, they have also demonstrated super lubricity effects in which friction is reduced to nearly zero.

“That’s a significant improvement over any other existing solid lubricants coating available today,” says Argonne’s Prof. Anirudha V. Sumant. “Also, the amount of graphene needed is very small and therefore cost is much lower and eliminating oil waste would be more environmentally friendly, which is a great side benefit.”

The same research team revealed graphene to be an excellent steel lubricant. A few atomic layers of graphene not only reduce the degree of friction in steel rubbing against steel by seven times and the amount of wear by 10,000 times, but can also significantly lower the risk of corrosion.

The advantage of graphene-based solid lubricant coatings over standard lubricants is their simplicity of application. It is applied by spraying a solution over a vast surface area and can coat virtually any shape or size.

Graphene Oxide vs. Real Graphene

In our earlier piece titled “Fake Graphene: Let the Buyer Beware,” I made it abundantly clear that high-quality, defect-free graphene enjoys superior properties to their oxidized counterparts, such as graphene oxide (GO). However, in their marketing and on the labels of their bottles, many companies that sell GO and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) call these materials graphene. Even with lubricant applications, this is still the case.

Image courtesy: Berman, Diana, Materials Today ()

When compared to the wear rate of graphene layers, the wear rate of GO is between one and two orders of magnitude higher. As can be seen in the figure, oxidized graphene has dramatically inferior coverage compared to high-quality graphene, and the presence of oxygen in GO may cause corrosion of steel, which, in turn, increases wear. Because of this, GO does not offer anything approaching the same level of wear protection as high-quality graphene.

Conclusion

Contemporary lubricants contain ecologically hazardous chemicals or are solid lubricants (such as molybdenum disulfide or boric acid). Both oil-based and solid lubricants degrade over time and must be replenished on a regular basis. Real, high-quality graphene, on the other hand, can persist for a long period because the flakes realign themselves during initial wear cycles. Graphene, which is entirely composed of carbon, is environmentally friendly. In specific applications, do I think that graphene lubricants could serve as a suitable alternative to the more traditional oils and fluids? Yes. Would graphene lubricants be a universal replacement for oils? No. There are a number of reasons for this, but the key factor is the lack of supply of high-quality graphene. Nevertheless, we cannot deny that graphene-based lubricants and oils are making their way onto the market. However, whether or not they will come to dominate the market depends upon the ability to manufacture industrial volumes of high-quality graphene.

References

Berman, Diana, Ali Erdemir, and Anirudha V. Sumant. “Graphene: a new emerging lubricant.” Materials today 17.1 (): 31-42.

Berman, Diana, et al. “Macroscale superlubricity enabled by graphene nanoscroll formation.” Science 348. (): -.

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