1,4 BDO (1,4-Butanediol) FAQ

1,4 BDO (1,4-Butanediol) FAQ

What regulatory or product stewardship documents will be required to source 1,4-butanediol from Gantrade Corporation?

To ensure the safe and compliant sale and distribution of 1,4-butanediol, certain standard customer information and control measures must be documented. This is part of Gantrade Corporation's Product Stewardship process. These measures are in place to adhere to regulatory requirements and confirm that the product is used safely in industrial and commercial applications, to mitigate potential hazards and abuse in the supply chain.

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Why is 1,4-Butanediol regulated?

1,4-Butanediol is metabolized into gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) by two alcohol metabolism enzymes when ingested. GHB is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance by the DEA, due to its central nervous system depressant effects which include euphoria, drowsiness, decreased anxiety, confusion, and memory impairment. Because our bodies can convert 1,4-butanediol to GHB, it is also regulated. For more details, refer to the ACC American Chemistry Council's GLB/BDO Panel Guide for Industrial Users.

In what states does Gantrade Corporation supply 1,4-butanediol?

Gantrade distributes and sells 1,4-butanediol across all states in the USA, except California. Our product stewardship team ensures compliance with the regulatory requirements of all other states in the USA as well as Europe. It is recommended to survey local, state, and federal regulations to ensure compliance.

Request an SDS for 1,4-Butanediol (BDO), including Super-Dry BDO:

What are the packaging options for 1,4-butanediol?

Gantrade supplies 1,4-butanediol in 200 kg (441 lb) factory-sealed iron drums and 20 MT (44,080 lb) bulk heated ISO tanks. The minimum order size is one drum. Sample sizes available are 1 kg and 20 kg containers.

What is Gantrade's value proposition for 1,4-butanediol?

Gantrade’s partner for 1,4-butanediol is Dairen Chemical Corporation (DCC), the largest global producer of 1,4-BDO with five production facilities. DCC is integrated back to propylene as the feedstock. Gantrade maintains substantial inventories of BDO in the USA and Europe at multiple warehouse locations. We offer competitive pricing, reliable delivery, exceptional service including technical service, and extensive knowledge sharing. Our BDO is urethane grade.

What are the attributes of Gantrade's 1,4-butanediol?

Gantrade’s 1,4-butanediol is utilized in urethane applications. It has a high purity specification of >99.85% and a low moisture content of <150 ppm, typically targeting below 100 ppm of water.

What is the shelf life of 1,4-BDO?

The shelf life of 1,4-butanediol is two years if stored in unopened, original containers at approximately 20°C. BDO is hygroscopic and will absorb moisture if exposed to the atmosphere.

What are the handling requirements for 1,4-BDO?

Gantrade Corporation urges customers to fully understand the health, safety, environmental, and regulatory information concerning its products before handling and disposal. Proper training on the handling, storage, and inventory requirements is encouraged. To obtain a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and other related information, request a BDO brochure online or call us at 201-573-1955. Ensure adequate ventilation and prevent electrostatic discharge in work and storage areas.

5 Key Facts About 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)

1,4-Butanediol (BDO) is a versatile liquid diol intermediate with reactive primary hydroxyl functionality and a linear structure, making it ideal for formulating polyurethane elastomers with a superior balance of properties and cost.

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Gantrade’s standard grade of BDO is ideal for polyurethane applications, boasting high purity (≥ 99.85%) and very low moisture content.

1. BDO is a preferred chain extender for Polyurethane Elastomers.

In MDI or H12MDI systems, 1,4-BDO is the chain extender of choice. It reacts efficiently with MDI, H12MDI, and other aliphatic isocyanates or prepolymers to create crystalline "hard segment" domains that effectively microphase separate. Studies show that the properties of a polyurethane are highly dependent on the extent and perfection of this hard-block phase separation. BDO as a urethane chain extender provides tough, high strength, durable, and thermally stable polyurethane elastomers.

In thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) compositions, un-crosslinked BDO-MDI domains can be melted and flow at elevated temperatures for thermoplastic processing. These networks reform upon cooling to create tough elastomeric compositions.

Gantrade promotes the use of BDO as a urethane chain extender, particularly for MDI systems, and offers a low moisture-high purity grade for this application.

2. BDO has beneficial characteristics as a Chain Extender.

An effective diol urethane intermediate should be linear and ideally contain an even number of carbon atoms. Molecular-level chain packing of the individual hard and soft segments in polyurethanes enhances the overall performance properties of the resulting elastomers.

The table below highlights the high degree of crystallinity and melt enthalpy (heat required to melt the crystalline hard segment) in MDI-BDO hard segments. Modeling has shown that molecular chains align better, and inter-chain hydrogen bonding is facilitated with BDO as the chain extender.

Melt Enthalpy for MDI/Diol Segments in Polyester Polyol based PURs

Source: DuPont Tate & Lyle BioProducts Susterra White Paper at CPI 2020

3. Gantrade’s BDO has high purity and low moisture content.

Gantrade’s urethane grade BDO, with a purity of ≥ 99.85% and a moisture content of ≤ 150 ppm, is particularly advantageous in polyurethane applications. Its low moisture content allows processors better control of stoichiometry by avoiding the reaction of H₂O with isocyanates and the consequent release of CO₂ gas bubbles.

SPECIFICATIONS

1,4-BUTANEDIOL

BDO has a high boiling point of 235°C (455°F) and a freeze point of 19-20°C (68°F). Since BDO will solidify at temperatures around 20°C, appropriate storage and handling temperatures are required during transfer. The equivalent weight of BDO is 45.06, and the hydroxy number is 1245 mgKOH/g.

4. Gantrade’s BDO is available and easy to handle.

Gantrade stocks BDO in factory-sealed 200-KG (441-LB) drums and 20 metric ton ISO tanks. BDO is non-hazardous with low toxicity and is easily handled in standard polyurethane processes. The shelf life of BDO is two years under proper storage and handling conditions. An associated SDS can be obtained from Gantrade Corporation.

BDO is a regulated product meant only for industrial applications and is not intended for human consumption. As part of Gantrade Corporation's Product Stewardship process, certain standard customer information and control measures must be documented before the sale and distribution of 1,4-butanediol. Gantrade can guide customers through this process.

5. Because of its many attributes, BDO is used in a wide range of applications.

1,4-Butanediol is extensively used as a chain extender in the manufacture of polyurethanes. In MDI systems, BDO provides:

• High, consistent reactivity and shorter demold times with MDI, H12MDI, and prepolymers
• Hard-block domains that effectively microphase separate, creating tough networks
• Polyurethanes with a good balance of hardness and low-temperature flexibility
• Polyurethanes with high strength, durability, and thermal stability
• TPUs with good melt stability and excellent processing characteristics
• Good compatibility with other system components

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