What is the best electric motor for a motorcycle?

In order to achieve the best possible efficiency on an electric motorcycle, the electric motor must match the motorcycle type. Electric motorcycle types can be differentiated between motorcycles with and without gearbox, whereby less expensive electric motorcycles usually have no gearbox.

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Electric Motors for Electric Motorcycles without Gearboxes

The biggest advantage you have with an electric motorcycle without a gearbox is the higher efficiency. Because no additional losses due to friction of components of a gearbox.

However, without a gearbox, the electric motor also requires a much higher torque. This can best be achieved with an outrunner with a large diameter. Such electric motors are also often referred to as hub motors or direct drives.

For design reasons, an SPMSM is usually used as the motor design for hub motors. These can also achieve high efficiencies, but not over wide speed ranges. However, this can be enough for small electric scooters.

Electric Motorcycles with Gearbox

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Gearboxes are usually used for sport motorcycles with electric motors. Therefore, the electric motor has to rotate much faster.

This has the advantage that due to the higher speed, the power density can be increased. As a result, the electric motor is more cost-effective than a comparable direct drive without a gearbox.

Due to the high speeds, high losses occur in the electrical sheet. To keep the losses in the electrical sheet low, it is better to use an inrunner motor.

By using an inrunner, the path of the electromagnetic flux can be kept small. A good type of electric motor is the IPMSM as an inrunner. This type of electric motor also has good efficiency over a high speed rang.

Richard Peace

Richard Peace took to full-time outdoor writing/photojournalism after stints in an office and as an English teacher abroad. His cycling route guide books include the best-selling Ultimate C2C Guide and the Ultimate UK Cycle Route Planner plus Electric Bicycles. He has written for various media about many aspects of cycling

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